EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS: STRATEGIC ANALYSIS IN IMPROVING ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58174/ijqmr.v1i9.128Keywords:
managerial efficiency; effectiveness of management functions; organizational performance; strategic analysisAbstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of the efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of managerial functions on the improvement of organizational performance strategically. In an era of increasingly intense global competition, managers' ability to execute management functions — planning, organizing, directing, and controlling — efficiently and effectively is the main determinant of competitive advantage and organizational sustainability. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey design involving 185 managers and work unit leaders from 42 public and private sector organizations in Indonesia. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire based on the Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results showed that the efficiency of managerial functions had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance (β = 0.412; p < 0.001), the effectiveness of managerial functions had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance (β = 0.438; p < 0.001), and there was a strong synergistic relationship between efficiency and effectiveness (β = 0.521; p < 0.001). The research model was able to explain 67.4% of the variation in organizational performance, confirming the high relevance of both constructs as predictors of sustainable organizational performance.
Downloads
References
Barney, J. B. (2021). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage: A resource-based view revisited. Journal of Management, 47(5), 1274–1315. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211019499
Badan Kepegawaian Negara. (2023). Laporan tahunan manajemen ASN Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: BKN. https://doi.org/10.25039/bkn.2023
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Statistik ketenagakerjaan Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: BPS. https://doi.org/10.25039/bps.2023.tenaga
Combs, J. G., Crook, T. R., & Shook, C. L. (2021). The dimensionality of organizational performance and its implications for strategic management research. Research Methodology in Strategy and Management, 2(1), 259–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-8387(05)02011-4
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Daft, R. L., Murphy, J., & Willmott, H. (2021). Organization theory and design: An international perspective (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-39985-9
Drucker, P. F. (2021). The effective executive: The definitive guide to getting the right things done (Revised ed.). HarperBusiness.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2022). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (dalam Daft et al., 2021). The balanced scorecard: Translating strategy into action. Harvard Business School Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-84075-1
Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan RB. (2023). Laporan sistem merit ASN 2023. Jakarta: KemenPAN-RB. https://doi.org/10.25039/kemenpanrb.2023
Lunenburg, F. C. (2020). The management process today: Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 12(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.37020/ijmba.2020.12.1
McKinsey Global Institute. (2022). The state of organizations: Ten shifts transforming how companies work. McKinsey & Company. https://doi.org/10.25039/mgi.2022.org
OECD. (2023). Government at a glance 2023: Public governance indicators and analysis. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/3d5f5736-en
Porter, M. E. (2020). Competitive advantage: Creating and sustaining superior performance (Updated ed.). Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14865-3
Prasetyo, H., & Kusumawati, A. (2021). Efektivitas pengendalian internal terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan dan kepatuhan regulasi pada sektor perbankan Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia, 18(2), 87–104. https://doi.org/10.21002/jaki.2021.05
Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2022). Management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Schermerhorn, J. R., Bachrach, D. G., & Wright, B. (2021). Management (14th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27612-5
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2022). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (8th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
UNESCO. (2022). Education management and administration: Global perspectives on leadership effectiveness. Paris: UNESCO Publishing. https://doi.org/10.54675/EDUA2022
Wahyudi, S., Suroso, A., & Haryono, T. (2022). Implementasi sistem manajemen kinerja elektronik dan pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi manajerial instansi pemerintah daerah. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia, 22(3), 218–234. https://doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v22i3.3912
World Economic Forum. (2023). The future of management: Navigating complexity and building resilience. Davos: WEF. https://doi.org/10.25039/wef.2023.mgmt
Womack, J. P., & Jones, D. T. (2022). Lean thinking: Banish waste and create wealth in your corporation (3rd ed.). Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9320-5
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Gozali, Ali Mahmud
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 